Orthopoxviruses cut to the chase

Sharpening Host Defenses during Infection: Proteases Cut to the Chase*

The human immune system consists of an intricate network of tightly controlled pathways, where proteases are essential instigators and executioners at multiple levels. Invading microbial pathogens also encode proteases that have evolved to manipulate and dysregulate host proteins, including host proteases during the course of disease. The identification of pathogen proteases as well as their su...

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Metabolomics cuts to the chase to chase the cuts.

type II diabetes5. However, like most proteases, a complete picture of the targets of DPP4 is lacking, which makes it difficult to anticipate metabolic function has prompted the development of a number of small-molecule inhibitors of DPP4, including sitagliptin (Januvia), which was recently approved by the US Food Proteases are enzymes that perform the basic task of cutting up other proteins an...

Caspases as therapeutic targets in Alzheimer's disease: is it time to "cut" to the chase?

Mounting evidence suggests the involvement of caspases in the disease process associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The activation of caspases may be responsible for the neurodegeneration associated with AD and several recent studies have suggested that caspases may also play a role in promoting pathogenic mechanisms underlying this disease. Thus, caspase activation and cleavage of the amyl...

Organogenesis: Cutting to the Chase

Gonad morphogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans requires two secreted proteases. Recent studies show that alterations of the extracellular matrix component fibulin-1 rescue gonadogenesis in the absence of these proteases. This finding is a critical step toward understanding the role of extracellular matrix in organogenesis.